How are joint ventures accounted for?
How are joint ventures accounted for?
i. What is an investment in a joint venture?
- A contractual agreement involved two or more parties.
- The parties involved have joint control over the business activity.
ii. Types of Joint venture
- Jointly controlled operations
- Jointly controlled assets
- Jointly controlled entities
iii. Recognition and measurement
1. Jointly controlled operations
Definition:
- Two or more venturers use their resources or expertise to produce a product.
- Each venture bears its expenses and liabilities and raises its finance.
- The revenue from the sale of the joint product and any expenses incurred in common are shared among the venturers.
Recognition in venturer's financial statements:
- Assets and liabilities incurred
- Expenses incurred and share of income
2. Jointly controlled assets
Definition:
- The joint control, and often the joint ownership, of assets dedicated to the joint venture.
Recognition in venturer's financial statements:
- share of the jointly controlled assets
- share of any liabilities incurred jointly or incurred by the venturer
- share of income
- share of expenses incurred.
3. Jointly controlled entities
Definition:
- A corporation, partnership, or other entity in which each venturer has an interest.
Recognition in venture’s financial statements:
(i) Cost model
- Cost less accumulated impairment losses
- Recognise distributions received from the investment as income
(ii) Equity model
- Recognise at the transaction price (including transactions costs)
- Subsequently adjusted to reflect the investor’s share of the profit or loss
(iii) Fair value model
- Initially, measured at transaction price (exclude transaction cost).
- Subsequently, measured at fair value, any changes recognized in profit or loss
4. What differentiates an interest in the joint venture from an investment in an associate?
Investment in associate = The investor has significant influence over the investee, by possessing the power to participate in their financial and operating decisions.
Joint venture = The parties involved have the power to joint control over the arrangement.
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